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Virtual Reality
Modelling Language (VRML, 'Vermel').
VRML is a
multi-platform text based language that describes 3 dimensional
objects, their physics and representation. VRML can be generated
by simply coding the characteristics into a text file or by exporting
a modelled form from a 3D modelling application, such as 3D Studio
Max (PC) and Strata Studio (Mac). VRML files are usually small
and compact and can therefore be transferred using internet technologies
between machines. VRML objects and environments are usually viewed
using a web browser with an appropriate plugin. They can be embedded
inside ordinary HTML pages and manipulated using programming languages
such as Java. VRML files can be identified by .wrl after the file
name. External files such as JPEG's and GIFF's can be incorporated
into a VRML environment or mapped onto a VRML object. The External
Authoring Interface (EAI)has been developed in order that scripts
and interactions can be generated to externally control VRML environments.
VRML 1.0
presented static objects. VRML 2.0 enables animation, interaction
and advanced features such as multiuser
interactions and autonomous objects with embedded intelligence.
Primarily VRML 1 and 2 have been developed outside of the mainstream
corporate software manufacturers. Initiated in 1989 by Silicon
Graphics Inc. as a generic 3D authoring tool it wasnÕt until 1994
that the format emerged as VRML 1.0 and the first VRML savvy web
browsers appeared. After much tinkering VRML 2.0 emerged in 1996,
and obtained ISO standard status as VRML97.
As a file
format it has not lived up to the aspirations of its early developers
who saw it as the structural language of Cyberspace, offering
a rich and dynamic 3D interface. However as the brief history
below indicates, it is still early days. The VRML community has
already proposed a new, backward compatible, innovative 3D standard
for the Internet. With greater Internet bandwidth, improved handling
of 3D renders by modern computers, the dream of Cyberspace as
a 3D matrix with its own physical laws may soon be realised.
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